Hydraulic jack, punch, and similar machine.



,No; 876,920. PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908.

J. WEEKS.

HYDRAULIG JACK, PUNCH, AND SIMILAR MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV.24. 1906.

j wimeowo UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN WEEKS, OF LOOUST VALLEY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HENRY C.DUDGEON, OF LOGUST VALLEY, NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 14, 1908.

Application filed November 24,1906- Scrial No. 344,833.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN WEEKS, a citizen lic Jacks, Punches, andSimilar Machines, of

which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates a verticalsectional view of the invention;. Fig. 2 illustrates a detail of theknuckle construction, whereby the pump piston is reciprocated; Fig, 3illustrates a detail of one of the valve tripping devices.

In the drawin s hereof and in the following specification? will describethe invention as pertaining to a hydraulic jack of the upright type,because the invention, although applicable as above stated to a varietyof uses, may be conveniently and well illustrated in such a machine.

In hydraulic jacks of large power it is inevitable that the movement ofthe arts is slow. Consequently when the acl is in position, it requiressometimes an annoying amount of pumping and consumption of time beforethe head of the ram can be brought up against its load and the liftingprocess commence, and under certain circumstances this delay is a matterof considerable consequence rather than mere annoyance. Several newforms of jacks have heretofore been invented in the attempt to overcomethe above stated objections, but all of them, so far as I know, havebeen found inoperative or objectionable for one reason or another. Inthis present invention, therefore, I have modified the construction ofthe jack so as to avoid the objectionable features of earlier forms inthis direction and my improved .apparatus is simple in construction,free from mechanical embarrassments, possessed of all the desirableattributes of such devices and of low cost.

Referring to the drawings, A, A, is the body of the jack, B is the ram,C the pump block screwed into the ram as shown, D the piston of thesmall pump provided with the usual valve, bonnet, etc., E the lowervalve provided with bonnet and spring, as usual, F, the force chamber, Gthe piston rod, H the head of the jack, I the socket in the jack, J, J,the knuckle on the shaft of the socket K.

L, L, are two slideways formed in the head of the jack.

M is a cross-head which slides in the slideways L.

N is an enlarged pump bore at the upper end of the ram B, within whichis the piston O of a pump of much larger diameter than the regular pump,the piston of which is indicated P is a waterway made through the metalof the ram.

Q is a check valve, R is a spring which normally seats the check valve.

S is a spindle supported in the metal of the head, as shown and providedwith packing T I and gland U, as usual, and with an actuating lever orcrank V, which is inclosed within a recessed casing W cast on the sideof the head.

Y is a screw which engages in a recess Z out in spindle S to prevent itsoutward movement.

a is a check valve in the piston O, b is a spring which normally reseatsthe valve (1.

c is the usual perforated bonnet within which the spring I) is located.

The spindle S is cut away, as shown at d, in Fig. 3, so that the upperend Q of the valve stem of the valve Q may rest against it and the cutaway part of the spindle S is given cam shape, as shown in Fig. 3, sothat I when rotated a quarter turn, the valve stem Q will be depressedand the valve Q held off its seat. The valve stem Q is supported andguided near its upper end by the perforated 'top of the valve block, theseat for this valve pumps get ,t eir supply of liquid from the sameprimary source, 1. 6., the reservoir in the head of the jack, thesmaller one D, however, gets its supply immediately from thecontinuation of the pump chamber of the larger pump, but the large one 0receives its supply partly through the valve Q and water way P andpartly through the sup lemental valve 0 located in the piston itse f. Itis not always necessary to have these two water supplies, but I preferto add the supplemental valve in the piston because unless there is freeliquid supply, the big pump is apt to work hard on the intake stroke andif the valve Qand waterway P are made large enough to avoid thisobjection, then these parts would sometimes be undesirably large. Uponthe down stroke, the large pump 0 dominates the smaller pump D andforces a relatively large volume of liquid at each stroke down throughthe piston D and thence following the usual course, which need not bedescribed, into the force chamber F. In this way the head of the jack israpidly pum ed up until it takes a bearing against its oad and if theload is not so great but that it can be handled by the large pump 0,then the work may be com leted by it in much less time and with lessabor than if effected through the use of the more powerful, but slowerpump D: If, on the other hand, the load is heavy and beyond the abilityof the large pump to handle, then the operator turns the'crank V of thespindle over one quarter turn, and when the arts are in this position,the valve Q will be forced off its seat and held there by the cam actionof the spindles against the upper end of the valve stem Q, thus puttingthe big pump O out of operation, its only effect being to churn aportion of the liquid back and forth through the waterway I andpermanently 0 en valve Q. Meantime, however, the small: but powerfulpump D is performing its functions in the usual manner.

Those who are familiar with this art will ap reciate the fact thatbecause of my pecu iar' construction, I secure some im ortantadvantages, among them the follow ng: The two umps are located at theupper and lower en s respectively of the ram, the pump chamber for thelarge one being made in the body of the ram itself. From thisconstruction flow the following advantages: N o s ace is required in thehead of the ram for the larger or upper pum Thus there is noencroachment upon the iquid s ace. Again in my pump, owing to the fact tat the pump chambers are connected by an open waterway, materiallylarger than the piston rod which passes through it, that waterway itselfacts as art of the reservoir, thus-ma terially reducing the bulk, costand weight of the structure as a whole. Again my piston rod beingsmaller than the two pump chambers and waterway which connects them andmaking no contact with the walls of either of these spaces, it need notbe highly machined, but may be left relatively rough throughout most ofits area.

The simplicity and effectiveness of the construction and o eration areapparent. The operatoris callbd upon to do no act whatever eXce t tomove the little crank of the s indle to effect the substitution of thesma ler, but more powerful and slower moving jack for the more rapid butless powerful one. No knowledge of the interior construction is requiredand any one of ordinary intelligence can operate the apparatus.

It will be obvious to those who are familiar with this art that thedetails of construction above described and illustrated may be departedfrom and still the essentials of the invention be retained. That whichis shown and described is one form only in whichthe invention may beembodied and I therefore do not limit myself to such details.

1. The combination in a machine of the so I-Iaving described myinvention, I claimq class stated of two pumps of different capacities,both located in the ram of the jack, one

near the top of the ram, the other near the bottom thereof, bothreceiving their force liquid from the same reservoir and discharging itinto the same force chamber.

2. The combination in a machine of the class stated of two pumps ofdifferent capacities, both located in the ram of the ack, one near thetop of the ram, the other near the bottom thereof, the pistons of bothpumps being mounted upon the same piston rod which is smaller than thepump chamber and connecting passages through which it passes, both pumpsreceiving their force liquid primarily from the same reservoir anddischarging it ultimatelyinto the same force chamber.

3. The combination in a machine of the class stated of two pumps ofdifferent capacities, the chamber of the larger one being cut in thebody of the ram near the top thereof, the smaller one being located nearthe bottom of the ram, the pistons of both pumps being upon the samepiston rod which is smaller than the pump chambers.

4:. The combination in a machine of the class stated of two umps ofdifferent capacities located at di erent ends of the ram, a water spaceconnecting the two pump chambers, both of the pistons mounted upon thesamefpiston rod which is smaller than the pump chambers and connectingwater space, an ingress valve in the smaller piston and means to throwout of operation the larger pump.

5. The combination in a machine of the class stated of two pumps ofdifferent capacities located at different ends of the ram, the

larger one discharging through an intermediate waterway into the smallerpump chamber and thence through the piston of the smaller pum and meanswhereby both pumps may e simultaneously operated or the smaller oneonly.

6. The combination in a machine of the class stated of two pumps ofdifferent capacities located at opposite ends of the ram, a

waterway in the ram connecting the pump chambers, a piston rod smallerthan the the same force chamber,a checkvalve to prepump chambers andsaid waterway to which vent back flow from the force chamber and 0th thepistons are fastened, means to remeans to trip the check valve to permitback ciprocate the piston rod and pistons in lines flow. 15 5 parallelto the axes of the ump bores, a wai In testimony whereof I have signedmy terway in the upper part oi the ram connectl name to thisspecification in the presence of ing the pump bores with the reservoir,a two subscribing Witnesses.

valve controlling said waterway, a spindle 1 JOHN WEEKS. actuated fromthe exterior of the structure 1 Witnesses: 10 adapted to engage with thestem of the valve ETI-IEL L. DUDGEON,

and hold it open, said pumps discharging into SILAs D. WRIGHT.

